How RUE Helped Chinese Clients Succeed in Europe: Real Cases

Regulated United Europe (RUE) is a group of EU-based companies with legal entities in multiple Member States. It delivers end-to-end legal, corporate and regulatory services for international founders, particularly Chinese entrepreneurs entering the European market. The firm supports clients with EU company formation, licensing, banking setup and maintenance, and ongoing compliance, ensuring that their operations are ready for launch and can withstand supervisory scrutiny. Regulated United Europe‘s team unites lawyers, corporate secretaries, compliance officers, risk specialists, and former regulators into a coordinated delivery unit, aligning company formation, governance, contracts, AML/CTF, data protection, and reporting from the outset. As RUE operates throughout the European Union, each project is assigned to the most suitable jurisdiction, balancing speed to market, substance, and long-term bankability while meeting regulatory expectations.

RUE works fluently in Mandarin and English, tailoring documentation to the standards used by EU supervisors, partner banks, payment providers and auditors. Engagements typically begin with a structured analysis of products, user journeys, funds flows and technology. The team then maps applicable EU and national rules and designs a programme of operations with clear responsibilities, controls, and lines of defence. This approach results in comprehensive, regulator-ready document packs comprising policies, risk assessments, contracts, disclosures and operational playbooks that facilitate efficient and predictable interactions with authorities and counterparties. Following authorisation, Regulated United Europe‘s team remains available to provide retained compliance support, including monitoring, reporting calendars, periodic reviews, internal audits, and change management as laws and business lines evolve.

The firm’s values are practical and outcome-driven. Compliance is positioned as a strategic asset that reduces banking friction and accelerates partnerships. Clarity is prioritised through plain language, transparent timelines and accountable delivery. Confidentiality and integrity are safeguarded by strict information security standards and need-to-know access, while professional independence is maintained in every engagement. Above all, success is measured by concrete outcomes that matter to founders, such as licences granted, bank accounts opened, clean audits and products launched.

Chinese entrepreneurs choose Regulated United Europe for its combination of an EU footprint and sector expertise in highly regulated areas. The team understands how Chinese founders plan, build and scale, aligning EU regulatory expectations with these realities and ensuring that every interaction with regulators, banks and partners supports credibility and growth. With proven capabilities in MiCA/CASP for crypto and digital assets, EMI/PSP and open banking under PSD2/EMD2, gambling licensing for B2C and B2B models, and investment firm/FX permissions, RUE provides a single, accountable pathway from the initial consultation to compliant, bankable European operations. For founders seeking a professional, SEO-relevant and results-focused entry into the EU, Regulated United Europe delivers structures and controls that are built correctly from the outset and ready for supervisory scrutiny.

EU Company Formation and Ongoing Accounting: Selected Case Studies

Establishing a company in the European Union involves carefully selecting a jurisdiction, confirming share capital and director requirements, and preparing KYC/UBO files that satisfy banks, payment providers and counterparties. VAT and, where relevant, OSS registrations, EORI for importers, payroll and social security onboarding, and sector-specific permits often run in parallel. From day one, accounting policies, evidence trails and management reporting must align with local GAAP and the expectations of auditors and regulators, ensuring that banking, licensing and commercial due diligence proceed smoothly.

Regulated United Europe (RUE) supports clients throughout this process. The Regulated United Europe team begins with a jurisdiction and structure assessment tied to the client’s operating model and substance plan. They prepare and notarise incorporation documents where required, draft shareholder and board resolutions, and assemble UBO/KYC packages to bank-ready standards. RUE then secures VAT/OSS, payroll and social security registrations, and where relevant, EORI and municipal or sectoral authorisations. Meanwhile, the accounting team will set up bookkeeping, management reporting and compliance calendars for VAT, Intrastat/ECSL, corporate tax and statutory financial statements. Support for banking and payments onboarding includes tailored financial statements, process descriptions, and control evidence. Following the launch, the team maintains month-end close routines, reconciliations, periodic filings and audit coordination, ensuring consistent financial hygiene as operations expand across Member States.

Case 1 – Estonia: Cross-border e-commerce with end-to-end accounting

Liu Zhen, an entrepreneur from Shenzhen, needed a quick and compliant entry into the EU for marketplace sales. Regulated United Europe incorporated an Estonian private limited company, completed UBO/AML onboarding and arranged e-Residency issuance. VAT and OSS registrations were obtained, a payment account suitable for marketplace settlements was opened, and inventory and cost-of-goods accounting was configured to match fulfilment flows across Germany, France, and Italy. RUE‘s accounting desk handled monthly bookkeeping, VAT returns and Intrastat filings, producing year-end management accounts and statutory financial statements. This gave Liu Zhen the documentation needed to improve payment terms with logistics providers.

Case 2 – The Netherlands: Creative Services with Payroll and IP Controls

Han Qiao, a Shanghai-based designer, sought a reputable EU base with clear treatment of royalties and service fees. RUE formed a Dutch entity, prepared a bank readiness pack and drafted IP assignment and client service agreements to ensure revenue streams were captured under Dutch law. A chart of accounts was implemented that was tailored to project-based billing, payroll for two EU staff members was set up, and monthly management reporting aligned revenue recognition with delivery milestones. With VAT compliance and ECSL listings handled by RUE, Han Qiao was able to expand to recurring EU clients, supported by quarterly CFO-style reviews.

Case 3 – Germany: Industrial Components with Inventory Controls and EORI

Chen Rui, an operator from Guangzhou, required a German presence in order to import and distribute hardware to B2B buyers. Regulated United Europe coordinated the notarial formation and trade register filing, as well as the EORI registration. They then implemented a perpetual inventory system that was integrated with purchase orders and warehouse receipts. The accounting team aligned cost accounting with Incoterms and freight surcharges, automated VAT submissions via the ELSTER portal and produced monthly margin analyses, segmented by customer and stock-keeping unit (SKU). The resulting control environment enabled an increased credit line to be obtained from a local lender.

Case 4 – Ireland: SaaS Rollout with Deferred Revenue and R&D Tracking

Zhang Lin, a software engineer from Hangzhou, chose Ireland for a Software as a Service (SaaS) launch targeting enterprise clients. RUE completed the company’s incorporation, established governance and information security policies for procurement onboarding, and opened accounts with a bank and a payment provider. To manage annual prepayments, the accounting department set up schedules for deferred revenue and rules for capitalising development costs that were consistent with local standards. Monthly reporting included ARR/MRR bridges, churn and cohort views, and clear evidence of potential R&D incentives, enabling Zhang Lin to secure funding on the strength of transparent financials.

Case 5 – Lithuania: Logistics Platform with Multi-Country VAT

Zhao Min, an operator from Shanghai, required a Baltic base to support warehousing and EU-wide last-mile delivery. Regulated United Europe formed a Lithuanian entity, secured partnerships with customs brokers, and completed VAT registrations in Poland, Spain, and the Netherlands to mirror shipping routes.

A consolidated accounting environment covered intercompany charges, transfer pricing documentation, and fuel surcharge reconciliations. Periodic compliance included SAD audit packs, Intrastat and monitoring of the distance-selling threshold. Improved documentation quality reduced customs delays and accelerated marketplace settlements.

Case 6 – Portugal: Boutique Hospitality with Tourism Tax and Seasonal Forecasting

Investor Wang Yue acquired short-stay properties in Lisbon and Porto. RUE completed the company’s incorporation, obtained tourism licence numbers and set up a property management accounting system to capture nightly revenues, platform commissions and city tax obligations. Payroll for housekeeping staff and contractor agreements compliant with regulations were set up. The team at Regulated United Europe produced monthly P&L reports, occupancy trend reports and seasonality forecasts, which supported dynamic pricing and staffing, improving margins while ensuring that statutory filings were submitted on time.

Case 7 – Spain: Speciality Food Imports with Excise and Distributor Rebates

Li Fang, an entrepreneur from Ningbo, required a Spanish structure to import and distribute speciality goods. Regulated United Europe handled the company’s incorporation, bank onboarding and health labelling registrations. The accounting function was configured to manage multiple VAT rates, excise duty where applicable, and distributor rebates. RUE also prepared bilingual distributor contracts and a rebate-tracking ledger to ensure accurate accruals and year-end reconciliations. This enabled Li Fang to secure shelf space with national retailers based on reliable management accounts.

Throughout these processes, Regulated United Europe provides consistent post-incorporation support, including day-to-day bookkeeping aligned to local GAAP, timely VAT/OSS/Intrastat and ECSL filings, payroll administration, statutory financial statements and audit coordination. Bank reconciliations, document retention and audit trails are maintained to withstand regulatory review and commercial due diligence. As clients expand into new EU Member States, RUE adds registrations, adapts charts of accounts and updates compliance calendars, ensuring that financial reporting remains consistent and comparable across jurisdictions. This creates a foundation that supports banking relationships, investor confidence and scalable growth.

Crypto and Digital-Asset Licensing in the EU: Selected Case Studies

Crypto authorisation in the European Union has evolved from national VASP registrations to a harmonised MiCA (CASP) regime, setting higher standards for governance, capital, safeguarding client assets, disclosures, ICT risk and incident reporting. Today, founders must demonstrate clean AML/CTF frameworks, robust custody controls, tested outsourcing and technology oversight, and credible wind-down planning. Regulated United Europe (RUE) supports Chinese entrepreneurs throughout this process by assessing their business model, selecting the appropriate jurisdiction, preparing their application dossier and programme of operations, aligning their AML and ICT controls with supervisory expectations and arranging meetings with the relevant national authorities. Where clients hold legacy VASP permissions, Regulated United Europe‘s team designs transition plans to MiCA with minimal service disruption and clear communication with banks and partners.

Case 1 – Estonia 2017: Early VASP Authorisation and Operating Controls

Chen Ming, a founder from Guangzhou building a custodial wallet and basic exchange, pursued Estonian authorisation in 2017. RUE prepared the initial registration, drafted AML/CTF policies proportionate to the risk appetite and supported the appointment and training of a money laundering reporting officer. Transaction monitoring rules, sanctions screening and record keeping were implemented alongside customer onboarding flows. When local regulations were tightened in subsequent years, the team delivered a migration plan that ensured continuity of service and improved banking relationships through clearer governance and reporting.

Case 2 – Lithuania: Exchange and brokerage with bank-grade AML

Liu Yan and Zhao Rui sought a scalable Baltic base for spot exchange and brokerage. RUE completed the Lithuanian registration and produced a full AML/control suite, including customer risk scoring, enhanced due diligence triggers, ongoing monitoring, adverse media and PEP screening, as well as documenting funds-flow narratives for banking partners. A compliance calendar and board reporting pack provided supervisors and payment providers with the visibility they required. As volumes grew, Regulated United Europe coordinated an independent AML audit to validate the effectiveness of the system and its readiness for MiCA.

Case 3 – Poland: OTC Desk and Staking with Consumer Disclosures

Zhang Wei, an operator from Shenzhen, chose Poland as the location for an OTC desk offering staking services. Regulated United Europe performed a legal gap analysis against national AML rules and consumer protection standards. They also produced product risk summaries and fee disclosures and structured custody segregation and service-level expectations with third-party validators. They also introduced a complaints-handling and incident log to align with supervisory practice. This documentation streamlined the onboarding process with payment institutions and clarified the responsibilities involved in the staking pipeline.

Case 4 – Czech Republic: Brokerage Expansion and Governance Upgrade

Liang Hui, who has experience in market making, expanded into the Czech Republic with brokerage services. RUE aligned the operating model with local licensing and AML requirements, updated the governance structure (including board charters, conflict registers and an outsourcing register) and implemented change management procedures for new tokens and counterparties. Internal training for front-office and operations staff improved audit readiness and reduced remediation cycles during periodic inspections.

Case 5 – MiCA Transition Plan: From VASP to CASP with DORA Alignment

Wang Lei, a former quant PM, operated a VASP entity in the Baltics and sought full CASP authorisation under MiCA for exchange, custody and transfer services. The Regulated United Europe team prepared the programme of operations, defined the three lines of defence and mapped outsourcing and ICT governance to DORA-style expectations. Asset-safeguarding rules, wallet-management procedures, key-management policies and reconciliation routines were formalised. An incident-classification matrix and reporting playbook were created to support interactions with the national competent authority. The submission received positive feedback regarding its completeness, with follow-up meetings focusing on ICT testing cadence and wind-down triggers.

Regulated United Europe‘s approach across these mandates focuses on regulator-ready documentation, practical AML and ICT controls, and communications that build trust with payment providers and banks. The result is a licensing pathway that transitions founders from national registrations to MiCA-grade operations, maintaining service continuity and credibility throughout every supervisory interaction.

Gambling Licensing in the EU and Beyond: In-Depth Case Studies

Gambling regulation demands far more than an application form and a technology stack. Applicants must undergo fit-and-proper reviews for shareholders and key function holders, document AML/CTF controls and player-protection measures, and pass technical evaluations covering RNG, game fairness, wallet reconciliation and incident reporting. Marketing and affiliate oversight, geolocation and age verification controls, and payment and chargeback management are scrutinised with the same intensity as platform availability and cybersecurity. Regulated United Europe (RUE) guides founders through the process of selecting a jurisdiction, scoping a licence (B2C operator versus B2B supplier), preparing documentation and undergoing testing, coordinating laboratories, designing banking and payment workflows, and ensuring post-licensing compliance, to ensure that launches are not only approved, but also sustainable under supervisory review.

Case 1: EU Remote Gaming Operator Authorisation with Safer Gambling by Design

Zhao Ming, a product lead with prior experience in mobile entertainment, sought an EU licence (Malta) for a multilingual remote casino and sportsbook aimed at overseas markets with strict geo-blocking. RUE began with a structured gap analysis against the target Member State’s remote gaming framework, mapping ownership, funding and governance to regulatory suitability standards. The policy suite was developed to align with AML/CTF rules and responsible gaming requirements, including risk-based KYC tiers, affordability and source of funds triggers, and a proactive customer interaction model blending transaction monitoring and behavioural analytics. Technical scoping progressed in parallel: an RNG certification plan and game-release cadence were agreed with an accredited test laboratory, and wallet architecture and cash-handling flows were documented to demonstrate player-fund segregation and daily reconciliation. Incident classification and downtime reporting were also defined to meet supervisory SLAs.

Banking remained a core dependency. RUE prepared a payments readiness pack describing chargeback mitigation, fraud rules and limits governance. This enabled onboarding with card acquirers and alternative payment methods, while keeping settlement reserves predictable for cash flow modelling. On the operational side, a compliance calendar was created for monthly, quarterly and annual submissions and an internal audit plan was devised to schedule live checks on self-exclusion, cooling-off and bonus fairness. By the time the regulator scheduled interviews, the board had a clear three-lines-of-defence map; the MLRO and responsible gaming officer had evidence binders for each control; and the CTO could explain log retention, encryption, and supplier oversight. The licence was granted with minor conditions relating to enhanced reporting within the first 180 days. These conditions were closed on schedule and the operation entered a steady state, characterised by clean supervisory interactions and declining payment loss ratios.

Case 2 – EU B2B Supplier Certification and Distribution to Tier-Two Operators

Li Wei, the founder of a studio focused on fast-loading RNG titles for mobile, required an EU supplier licence and a route to listing with established operators. Regulated United Europe structured the project around two pillars: certification and commercial distribution. The certification process began with the creation of a modular technical file for each game family. This file described the RNG characteristics, payout tables, return-to-player settings and update and rollback procedures. Build pipelines and change control were strengthened so that hash-verified binaries reached the lab in the same way as those deployed in production. Platform monitoring and crash recovery documentation were included to address the SLAs for availability promised to operators.

In terms of commercial operations, RUE drafted master supply and distribution agreements that covered jurisdictional blacklists, geo-blocking, intellectual property ownership, security audits and end-of-life commitments for games. A revenue-sharing model was paired with clear reporting obligations and audit rights, providing operators with confidence in reconciliation and offering the studio predictability regarding receivables. To facilitate rapid integration, the studio’s API documentation and sandbox environment were restructured based on feedback from two early partners. This reduced the average time to list from eight weeks to less than four. Once the supplier licence had been issued, the first titles passed lab evaluation without any significant issues being identified, and three operators executed framework agreements within the first quarter. This was supported by a roadmap that aligned new content releases with compliance changes and seasonal marketing peaks.

Case 3: Non-EU licence with EU-grade controls and cross-border payment strategy

Chen Yue, an entrepreneur focused on niche sportsbook markets, selected a reputable non-EU jurisdiction with an established remote gaming regime and international recognition. The jurisdiction’s attractiveness hinged on pragmatic timelines and robust oversight that would be credible to EU-based payment institutions and banks. Regulated United Europe designed the application to incorporate EU-grade governance and controls, thereby strengthening counterparties’ risk appetite. The AML programme incorporated enhanced due diligence playbooks for higher-risk regions, layered sanctions screening with continuous monitoring and a transaction review framework aligned to FATF recommendations. Responsible gaming was treated as a core KPI rather than a regulatory minimum. There were real-time friction triggers for session duration, loss velocity and deposit patterns, as well as multilingual self-exclusion and cooling-off pathways.

From a technological standpoint, the platform design emphasised supplier oversight, encryption at rest and in transit, key management policies and a vulnerability management loop, culminating in third-party penetration tests prior to launch. Payments were modelled as an evolving portfolio. Card acquiring, open-banking rails and region-specific alternative payment methods (APMs) were sequenced to limit chargebacks and maximise acceptance. Each provider received a tailored risk narrative covering onboarding, monitoring and dispute workflows. Following licence issuance, the operator voluntarily adopted a heightened reporting regime for the first six months to cement credibility with banks. This included weekly dashboards on responsible gaming (RG) interactions, fraud blocks and chargeback ratios, plus monthly board attestations on control effectiveness. This approach produced consistent settlement cycles, early movement to improved pricing with acquirers and stable relationships with data and trading suppliers.

Regulated United Europe ties licence strategy to operational reality across these mandates: laboratory timelines are synchronised with marketing calendars, banking expectations are built into product and bonus design, and compliance metrics are treated as business metrics. The outcome is not just a licence, but also a defensible operating model that can withstand supervisory scrutiny while maintaining healthy payment performance and achieving sustainable outcomes for players.

Forex and Investment-Firm Licensing: Lithuania and Mauritius – In-Depth Case Studies

Authorisation for forex and CFD brokerage within the EU requires a disciplined approach to governance, capital, client categorisation, best execution, product governance, marketing conduct and ongoing reporting. Within the EU, investment firm permissions must align with MiFID II/MiFIR, national transposition and ESMA expectations. This includes appropriateness testing, applicable leverage limits and transparent costs and charges. In Mauritius, the focus of licensing is on fit-and-proper assessments, local substance, risk and compliance frameworks, and clear client-asset protections that counterparties and payment providers can trust. Regulated United Europe (RUE) structures each mandate around a realistic business model, documents a programme of operations that regulators recognise and builds the evidence base of policies, procedures and records that support both authorisation and daily supervision.

Case 1 – Lithuania: STP Brokerage with MiFID II Controls and Banking Readiness

Li Qiang, an operator from Shenzhen, sought permissions in Lithuania to launch an agency-model brokerage offering FX and CFDs to professional and elective professional clients across the EU. Regulated United Europe‘s team began with a scoping exercise to align target instruments, client categories, and distribution plans with national expectations. They then drafted a capital plan and liquidity-monitoring approach to demonstrate that own funds and buffers would remain adequate in both normal operating scenarios and stressed market conditions. Governance was formalised through clear board charters, key function descriptions, a compliance monitoring programme and a risk and internal control matrix.

Client-protection architecture was designed from start to finish. Appropriateness and, where relevant, professional-elective processes were defined using objective criteria and audit trails. The best-execution policy specified venue selection, order routing, slippage handling and monitoring reports with exception thresholds sent to the board. Conflicts-of-interest registers and a gifts-and-entertainment policy were implemented alongside product governance and target-market statements. Marketing and affiliate oversight were documented to reflect ESMA retail standards, with wording libraries in place to prevent aggressive claims.

Operationally, the application dossier included outsourcing agreements with liquidity providers and pricing/bridge vendors, technology diagrams for order management and risk aggregation, and a trade surveillance plan for off-market fills and latency arbitrage. The AML/CTF framework detailed risk scoring, EDD triggers and ongoing monitoring, which were integrated with sanctions and adverse media screening. For banking, RUE prepared a readiness pack mapping funds flows, client-money segregation, reconciliations and incident handling. During meetings with the regulator, Li Qiang presented a coherent narrative covering the three lines of defence, the frequency of board reporting, and plans for the orderly cessation of services. The licence was granted subject to standard pre-launch confirmations, and subsequent supervisory interactions remained smooth thanks to the timely provision of management information and the transparent resolution of minor issues.

Case 2 – Mauritius: Cost-Effective Global Brokerage with Local Substance and EU-Grade Controls

An entrepreneur from Guangzhou named Chen Mei selected Mauritius as the location for a globally distributed brokerage with institutional-style operations and future connectivity to EU partners. Regulated United Europe structured the application to the local supervisory framework while embedding EU-grade practices to satisfy payment institutions, liquidity providers, and audit firms. Local substance was established through the appointment of resident directors, an MLRO and operational staff, supported by documented decision-making protocols, which demonstrate the exercise of real management and control within the jurisdiction.

The programme of operations described an STP model with no dealing on own account, precise handling of negative balance protection for retail clients in permitted markets and a robust complaints handling process which escalated to the board if thresholds were breached. Policies covered leverage frameworks, margin close-out levels, and disclosures addressing costs, overnight financing, and material risks. Technology documentation showed segregation between production and test environments, access controls and a change-management loop that prevented the release of untested software. A business continuity and disaster recovery plan was validated through tabletop testing, and vulnerability management culminated in independent penetration testing prior to launch.

Client-money protection procedures mandated daily and monthly reconciliations, dual-approval payment workflows and a treasury policy that covered counterparty risk, bank diversification and collateral management with upstream LPs. The AML programme integrated geographic risk, transactional patterns, and typologies specific to FX/CFD distribution. To support correspondent relationships, Regulated United Europe compiled an assurance pack containing real trade surveillance examples, best execution reports and board minutes demonstrating challenge and oversight. The licence was approved within the expected timeframe and onboarding with acquirers and payment providers proceeded without any extraordinary conditions, thanks to the quality of the documentation and the early transparency regarding risk indicators.

Case 3 – Post-Licensing Upgrade: Governance, Product Governance, and Conduct Monitoring

A legacy broker operated by Zhao Lin, authorised outside the EU but serving sophisticated clients, sought to raise standards in order to attract additional institutional partners. Regulated United Europe performed a gap analysis against MiFID II conduct themes and top-tier market practice. The findings were translated into a phased remediation plan. Board composition was augmented with an independent non-executive director, management information packs were redesigned to include trade-quality metrics, complaints heat maps and root-cause analysis of execution outliers, and product governance documentation was tightened to specify negative target markets and distribution constraints.

Sales and marketing oversight shifted to evidence-based controls. A pre-approval workflow was introduced for campaigns and affiliates, with periodic sampling against a conduct checklist flagging risk words, implied guarantees or bonus structures that were likely to trigger supervisory concerns. Training modules with scenario-based assessments were deployed for front office and support teams, and an annual effectiveness review was mandated to ensure policies remained relevant. Within two quarters, partner due diligence cycles had shortened and margin terms had improved with liquidity providers. A European bank also reopened conversations on payment services, citing the improved governance culture and clarity of customer outcomes.

Regulated United Europe links authorisation strategy to daily operations across these projects. Capital planning, risk management and client protection are embedded in board routines, rather than being treated as one-off artefacts of the application process. Expectations of banking and liquidity providers are anticipated in the control design, reducing friction at launch and during scaling up. The result is an investment firm platform that withstands supervisory scrutiny and earns the confidence of counterparties and clients alike, whether in Lithuania, Mauritius, or both.

EMI/PSP and Open Banking Licensing: In-Depth Case Studies

Payment licensing in the European Union requires more than just proving a viable product. Applicants must demonstrate robust safeguarding of client funds, strong customer authentication and fraud controls, incident reporting procedures, and ICT and outsourcing governance that align with the expectations of the Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA). They must also demonstrate documented pathways for complaints, chargebacks, and dispute resolution. Regulated United Europe (RUE) prepares founders for this level of scrutiny by translating their business model into governance and controls that are ready for regulation, and then sustaining these controls through the launch and scaling-up processes.

Case 1: Electronic Money Institution Authorisation with End-to-End Safeguarding and DORA Readiness

Zhang Rui, a payments operator serving marketplace sellers, selected an EU jurisdiction known for clear supervisory engagement and access to correspondent banking. Regulated United Europe structured the application around the issuance and redemption of e-money, payment account functionality and cross-border transfers. The programme of operations mapped services to PSD2/EMD2, identified key functions and established a governance rhythm that included board reporting, risk and compliance oversight and independent internal audit from the outset.

Safeguarding was engineered before any transaction could flow. RUE arranged letters from safeguarding credit institutions, drafted account-use covenants and documented daily and monthly reconciliations between customer ledgers, scheme reports and bank statements. A diversification policy was created to define thresholds for concentration risk, and a trust construct that was remote from insolvency was documented to protect client funds. To combat SCA and fraud, device binding and risk-based step-ups were combined with velocity checks and behavioural analytics, and false-positive governance was embedded in weekly analytics reviews.

ICT and outsourcing governance were aligned to DORA-style expectations. The outsourcing register covered card processing, KYC/AML providers and cloud infrastructure, and included exit strategies, data location statements and performance KPIs for each service. A threat-led testing plan scheduled regular penetration tests and scenario exercises. Business continuity and disaster recovery were validated through tabletop drills with measured recovery time objectives. When the supervisor convened an authorisation meeting, Zhang Rui was able to present a comprehensive incident classification matrix, a major incident reporting playbook and a wind-down plan incorporating client notifications and settlement cut-offs. Authorisation was granted with a staged rollout. Within two quarters, correspondent banks expanded limits based on clean safeguarding audits and stable fraud ratios.

Case 2 – Open Banking PISP/AISP Licence with Bank Integrations and Consent Architecture

Li Na, a former bank technologist, pursued PISP/AISP permissions to offer account-to-account checkout and multi-bank dashboards for SMEs. Regulated United Europe framed the application to emphasise data minimisation, the consent lifecycle and the allocation of liability across banks, merchants and the platform. The consent model captured explicit scopes, durations and revocation flows, and tokens and refresh cycles were documented to avoid excessive data retention.

Security controls were demonstrated end-to-end. RUE documented API call signing, mutual TLS, key rotation and segregated environments, and limited privileged access through just-in-time elevation with audit trails. The fraud-prevention logic combined beneficiary allowlists, payment-initiation plausibility checks and merchant-risk tiers. Incident management for operations was linked to the major-incident criteria used by national competent authorities, enabling timely notification of root causes and remedial actions.

Commercially, the project hinged on credible bank connectivity. Regulated United Europe prepared an integration roadmap sequencing the top banking APIs in the target market, each accompanied by test evidence and performance baselines. Merchant onboarding leveraged a risk questionnaire and chargeback dispute playbooks adapted from card scheme practice for the account-to-account context. Following licence issuance, the first wave of merchants switched from card payments to PISP flows for recurring invoices, resulting in improved payment acceptance and a decline in operational complaints due to clearer mandate management and refund logic.

Case 3: Cross-border PSP scale-up with passporting, scheme access and complaints governance

Wang Hao, an entrepreneur focused on B2B payouts, obtained initial payment institution permissions and aimed to expand services across several Member States. Regulated United Europe approached the scaling up process as a compliance engineering exercise. Passporting notifications were sequenced to match commercial launches, local consumer notices were added without fragmenting the core control set, and an enterprise complaints function was established with categorisation, turnaround targets and board-level trend reviews.

The critical funds-flow narrative for both banks and schemes was turned into a single artefact that traced money from originator to beneficiary across corridors, fees, and foreign exchange conversions. Treasury governance enforced the segregation of client and firm funds, setting counterpart limits for settlement banks and liquidity providers. RUE introduced automated reconciliations and ageing dashboards for unmatched items, thereby reducing operational risk and audit findings. As transaction volumes increased, the supervisor requested evidence of ongoing operational resilience. Regulated United Europe extended monitoring to supplier performance SLAs, introduced quarterly resilience attestations and updated the outsourcing register with dependency mappings. A targeted remediation streamlined customer due diligence refresh cycles that had begun to lag, reducing the backlog and improving customer satisfaction. With these enhancements, Wang Hao secured direct scheme access in one market and improved settlement terms with a second correspondent bank.

Across these mandates, Regulated United Europe links licence conditions to daily reality: safeguarding is proven through reconciliations rather than promises; SCA and fraud controls are measured and adjusted; and ICT resilience is tested until consistent results are achieved. The outcome is a payment business that meets authorisation standards and sustains them at scale, earning the trust of supervisors, banks, schemes and customers alike.

From China to the EU: RUE’s proven route to licensing and growth

Regulated United Europe (RUE) provides Chinese founders with a clear, regulator-ready pathway from market entry to scalable operations across the European Union. The above case studies – covering company formation with ongoing accounting, crypto licensing from early VASP regimes to MiCA (CASP), gambling approvals in and beyond the EU, investment-firm permissions for FX/CFDs, and EMI/PSP and open-banking authorisations – demonstrate a consistent delivery model. Jurisdiction is aligned to the business plan; governance and risk are embedded from the outset; AML/CTF and safeguarding controls are designed for real usage; and ICT and outsourcing are structured with DORA-style resilience. Evidence is maintained to withstand audits, supervisory reviews and banking due diligence, ensuring credibility with counterparties grows as the business scales up.

For Chinese entrepreneurs, the advantages are practical and immediate: a faster time to market, cleaner onboarding with banks and payment providers, fewer remediation cycles with supervisors and financial reporting that supports investors and commercial partners. The Regulated United Europe team works in Mandarin and English, tailors documentation to EU supervisory expectations and maintains compliance after launch through disciplined reporting, testing and continuous improvement. The result is a durable operating model – bankable, audit-ready and capable of expansion across Member States without fragmenting policies or diluting accountability – not merely a licence.

Founders who are ready to transition from the conceptual stage to licensed operations can contact Regulated United Europe at [email protected]. Providing a concise brief describing the product, target markets, transaction flows and timeline enables the team to propose a bespoke roadmap, document checklist and execution plan, converting ambition into compliant, scalable growth within the European Union.